Page 6 - 消防月刊2021年3月

韌性社區之推廣、進展及

未來期許

Resilient Communities—Promotion, Progress and Expectations

圖‧文：消防月刊編輯室

韌性社區之概念說明

韌性是什麼？表現在災害管理上又是什麼概念？儘管韌性一詞在心理學、社會學、生態學，甚至
材料科學等領域中都有其強調的層面；聯合國國際減災戰略署 （2009） 對 Resilience 中譯為「禦
災力」，其定義為：「暴露於致災因子下的系統、社區或社會及時有效地抵禦、吸納和承受災害的影
響。」韌性一詞乃是指 Resilience，在面對社會急遽變遷，以及極端氣候事件發生頻率的增加，韌性
的概念在廣泛被運用在災害管理領域上。韌性的英文詞源來自拉丁文的‘resilio’，原意為「彈回（to
jump back）」，在物理學和工程學的領域中，韌性指的是某種材料在受力變形後回復原來形態的能
力（Sheffi，2007；Arsenault and Sood，2007）；國內災害管理領域則多取其使社會系統「回復

原來型態的能力」之意，簡譯為「回復力」。
2005 ～ 2015 所提出之兵庫行動綱領（the Hyogo Framework for Action），以建構國家與社
區的災害回復力做為標題，將國家與社區層級對於自然災害的韌性（disaster resilience）列為國際
減災工作的首要目標，並將促進社區參與減災工作、強化社區災害因應能力（coping capacity）、
建構社區災害韌性等列為行動重點（聯合國國際減災策略組織，UNISDR, 2005）。

What does “resilience” mean? This word is originally derived from Latin “resilio”, meaning
"to jump back". Now its definition varies in different fields such as psychology, sociology,
ecology, and even materials science based on their major focus. For example, in physics
and engineering, it refers to the ability of a substance to return to its original shape after
being deformed by force （Sheffi, 2007; Arsenault & Sood, 2007）. On the other hand, in
domestic disaster management, it refers to the ability of a social system to return to its
initial state. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction （2009）
translates “resilience” in Chinese as “the capacity against disasters”, meaning that a
system, community, or society can firmly resist, absorb and endure the impact of a
disaster in a timely manner.

With rapid social changes and staggering rise of extreme weather, “resilience” has been
widely applied in disaster management. For instance, the Hyogo Framework for Action
during 2005 to 2015 set a nation and community’s disaster resilience as its primary goal
among the international disaster reduction work. In addition, it has taken on the tasks
of fostering communities to participate in disaster reduction, strengthening their coping
capacity and building their resilience to disasters. （UNISDR, 2005）.

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