Page 21 - 105年12月消防月刊(全)

Work Discussion 工作研討

住宅用火災警報器設置

現況與成效

Residential fire alarm installation: present situation and
effectiveness

■文／內政部消防署 陳藝文
■圖／陳藝文提供

壹、背景說明

近 10 年來火災發生件數總數逐年下降，經統計各類火災後，建築物火災件數及比率占比因總
件數下降而顯得更高，其中獨立住宅火災之占比高居首位，以 104 年為例，獨立住宅火災 530 次占

所有建築物火災之 42.6％為第 1 位，且火災死亡案件中，亦以獨立住宅死亡 54 人最多，占總死亡
人數 46.2％。住宅是人們最主要的生活空間，使用時間用火、用電亦非常長及頻繁，然調查顯示，
住宅火災之死亡原因係因延遲偵知、通報及避難路徑受阻（單一出入口、安裝鐵窗等）為主，農
舍、透天厝、鐵皮屋或公寓等是類住宅非供公眾使用建築物，尚非依法應設置火災自動警報設備之

場所，如何讓住宅內民眾知悉自家之危險因子，及早獲知火災發生，增加避難逃生時間，乃是降低
獨立住宅火災死亡率之重要課題。95 年至 104 年火災概況分析如表 1。

In the past 10 years, the number of fires has decreased year by year. Building fires have increased as a
proportion of fires due to the drop in overall fires, with detached house fires accounting for a greater
proportion than any other building fire type. Taking 2015 as an example, the 530 detached house fires
accounted for 42.6% of all building fires, the highest proportion of any type of building fire. Of fire
fatalities, detached building fire fatalities numbered 54, higher than any other type of fire, amounting for
46.2% of total fatalities. The home is people’s main living space and flame and electricity are frequently
used and for long periods. The main causes of house fire fatalities are late detection and reporting and
obstruction of escape routes (single exit, installation of security bars.) Farmhouses, townhouses, metal
sheet houses and apartments and other non-public use residential buildings are not yet required by law to
install fire alarms. Important issues to be faced to reduce house fire fatalities are how to let the public to
understand risk factors in the home and become aware of fire occurrence in a timely way so that escape
time can be increased. Analysis of fire disaster 2006-2005 is shown in table 1.

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