Page 6 - 104年10月消防月刊

專題報導 Special Report

瓦礫堆下生存者的救星

談我國災害

搜救犬之演進

■搜救犬準備搜尋受困者。

Saviour of survivors under the rubble

Discussing the evolution of Taiwan's disaster search and rescue dogs

▓文／消防月刊編輯室
▓圖／消防月刊編輯室提供

一、前言

災害搜救犬（以下簡稱搜救犬）源自於 17 世紀中期開始，即有雪難搜救犬出現於現今瑞士的阿
爾卑斯山山頂上的聖伯納修道院，由修道院裡的修道士所豢養的犬隻施予各種雪難搜尋訓練，搜救雪
地受困不支凍倒或迷失於雪地的旅行家與登山者。

我國以往對犬隻的運用主要著重在警犬、軍犬等，照顧警犬、軍犬的培育訓練經驗較豐富，而對
搜救犬特性、培育、訓練、評量卻十分陌生；直到 921 震災中有 20 個國家，38 隊、728 人以及 103
隻搜救犬到我國協助救災，大家才了解到犬隻也能運用到災難現場搜尋待救者。

Rescue dogs first came into use in the mid-seventeenth century in the St. Bernard monastery in the Swiss
Alps. One of the monks living there raised concerns over the treacherous snow conditions and began training
dogs to search. The dogs would search and rescue climbers and travelers who were without support, trapped,
freezing or lost.
In the past, the main focus of training dogs for work in Taiwan was for them to work with the police and
army dogs. Breeding, training and evaluating dogs for use in search and rescue however was uncommon. It
was not until the September 21st 1999 earthquake when 728 people and 103 rescue dogs in 38 teams from 20
countries came to assist in relief work that we learned the important role that rescue dogs can play when used
in searching disaster areas.

4 消防月刊 2015.10